Which type of neuron conveys information to the central nervous system?

Sensory neurons are specialized cells that play a crucial role in the nervous system by conveying information from sensory receptors in the body to the central nervous system (CNS). These neurons are responsible for transmitting signals related to various sensory modalities, such as touch, temperature, pain, and other external stimuli.

When sensory receptors detect changes in the environment, they generate electrical impulses that travel along the sensory neurons. These impulses are then relayed to the brain and spinal cord, where the information is processed and interpreted, allowing the body to react appropriately to different stimuli. This process is fundamental for maintaining homeostasis and responding to the environment.

In contrast, motor neurons convey signals from the CNS to muscles, facilitating movement, while interneurons act as connectors or relay points mediating communication between sensory and motor neurons within the CNS. Affector neurons, a term that is less commonly used, generally refer to neurons that carry impulses towards a structure, which could include aspects of sensory pathways but is not typically the standard terminology used in anatomy and neuroscience education.

Thus, the correct answer is sensory neurons, as they are the specific type of neurons dedicated to relaying information to the central nervous system.