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White blood cells play a crucial role in the immune system by defending the body against infections and diseases. These specialized cells are integral components of the body’s immune response, identifying and attacking pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and other foreign invaders. They are mobilized to sites of infection or inflammation where they take action to eliminate the threat, which may involve consuming pathogens, producing antibodies, and releasing signaling molecules to coordinate the immune response.
The other functions listed—transporting oxygen, regulating blood pressure, and coagulating blood—are attributed to other elements of the body. For example, red blood cells are responsible for oxygen transport, while blood pressure regulation involves various regulatory mechanisms, including hormones and the cardiovascular system. Coagulation, the process of blood clotting, involves platelets and various proteins rather than white blood cells. This distinction highlights the specific and vital role that white blood cells have in protecting the body from illness.